Montresor Character Analysis - 1127 Words

Montresor was a man who seemed to be very hurt and angry, he had many issues and unresolved problems going on in his life. These different episodes of emotions leads to Montresor being a very manipulative and revengeful person. Which later leads to him accomplishing his revenge in the death of Fortunato. In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, Montresor is fixed on getting revenge on a former friend of his because of insults. And though Montresor accomplished his plan of revenge, his heart and soul is forever devoured by hate. Montresor says that Fortunato’s countless of attacks that caused injury towards him didn’t cause him the thought of revenge but the insults towards him caused him to be revengeful. â€Å"The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had†¦show more content†¦Montresor strongly wants justice for what Fortunato did to him, He wants to correct the wrong that he believes Fortunato has done to him but in this he murders him. â€Å" A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser† (pg. 179, p.# 1). He has to get revenge in hopes of not getting caught in the end. So he does he plotting carefully and his is mindful of how to make sure is path is untraceable. Montresor is murderous, he plotted his revenge and the end result of this revenge was murdering his former friend by putting him in a vault sealing it with a brick of stone. â€Å"I had finished a portion of the last and the eleventh, there remained but a single stone to be fitted and plastered inâ €  (pg. 183, p.# 80). He had no evidence that anything even took place, he made sure that this was a clean murder. Montresor was a cunning individual, he knew how to win over Fortunato. He was clever in how he got Fortunato where he wanted to get him. He said the right things, he put on the right facial expressions, and he acted as if nothing has ever happened. He was cunning in a way that no one could decipher what he was going to do and what he really had up his sleeve. â€Å"I continued, as was my wont, to smile in his face, and he did not perceive that my smile now was at the thought of his immolation. (pg. 179, p.# 1). Not only was Montresor like this but he was manipulative and very strategic in his doings. He knew how to alter a person into hisShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis Of Montresor887 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Character Analysis of Montresor If written with skill, â€Å"Villains† can be some of the most interesting characters in literature. The character of Montresor from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"A Cask of Amontillado†. Poe, being the horror writer that he was, portrays this dark character in exactly that way. The story begins with Montresor explaining to the reader as a narrator that a man named Fortunato has insulted and hurt him for a great deal of time. Montresor never explains what exactly Fortunato did toRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Montresor1160 Words   |  5 Pagesworst nightmare. Characters pulled from the depths of the deepest abyss instill fear throughout many stories, such as deranged Montresor from Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† In the sinister text, the protagonist Montresor has his eye set on disposing of his nemesis the antagonist, Fortunato, who has in someway done him â€Å"a thousand wrongs† (Poe 67). As Montresor leads an unaware Fortunato into the vaults of his forefathers to get the drink Amontillado, Montresor keeps up the pretenseRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Montresor903 Words   |  4 Pages One person who takes this quote to an entirely new level is Montresor from â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. In this sho rt story by Edgar Allan Poe, Montresor has had enough of his boorish friend Fortunato and vows for revenge. Before Montresors retaliation, he approaches the sickly Fortunato and offers him some of the rare Amontillado which he has locked away in the cellar of his home. While on their way to retrieve the alcohol, Montresor tells Fortunato to drink for his heavy cough, intoxicating himRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Cask Of Amontillado1232 Words   |  5 Pagesthe text to illustrate the murder of Fortunado by Montresor, who seeks salvation through death†. Also, there is going to be an analysis on the irony found in the text in relation with the story. To support this thesis, I am going to use some examples from some sources such as â€Å"Literary analysis: Irony in The Cask of Amontillado by Amelia Tibbett, â€Å"Irony in The Cask of Amontillado† by Kerry Michael Wood, and â€Å"Poe s Short Stories Summary and Analysis† by Bella Wang , and the text will be written inRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Cask Of Amontillado 1493 Words   |  6 PagesBrooke Womack Literary Analysis Paper Into to Literature: American I Dr. Julia Pond 12 October 2017 The Cask of Amontillado The Cask of Amontillado is a tale of terror written by Edgar Allen Poe. This short story is from the point of view from Montresor’s memory. The setting of this story is in a small unnamed European city, at a local carnival and then at the catacombs under Montresor’s home, around duck. The brief synopsis of this story is about the revenge that the Montresor, the antagonist andRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado and Hills Like White Elephants577 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe amp; â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemmingway Analysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe Abstract â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe, is a short story about a man named Montessor who gets revenge on one of his â€Å"friends† named Fortunado by trapping him and burying him alive. Treatment Setting: Two kinds Plot: Man gets revenge on his â€Å"friend† Characters: Montresor, Fortunado, Montresor’s familyRead MoreCask of Amontillado Imagery Analysis Essay703 Words   |  3 PagesCask of Amontillado† Imagery Analysis In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† Edgar Allen Poe uses many examples of imagery, such as the descriptions of the carnival, characters, the walk through the catacombs, and much more throughout the story to build suspense and intrigue for the readers and add to the mystery of Montresor’s underlining actions of the revenge and deception of the foolish Fortunado. By using descriptive words and phrases to help us imagine the characters and setting the readers are drawnRead MoreReflection of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†1682 Words   |  7 Pageselements incorporated into his stories that it would be impossible to understand them all after one reading. His stories drip with irony and reveal mysteries in an interesting way. He writes his stories in a way that engages the mind and questions character. One of his most famous short stories is â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. This story has much verbal and dramatic irony. The most ironic concepts are how the narrator interacts with Fortunato and the use of names within this story. The setting of thisRead MoreThe Analysis Of Montresor’S Madness. One Of1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Analysis of Montresor’s Madness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most critically-acclaimed short stories, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† is well-known  ­for covering one of the you used one of the twice in one sentence most intriguing topics: retaliation.   The author, Edgar Allan Poe, lived an interesting life full of alcoholism and drug-addiction, but still managed to write many unforgettable pieces.   like what? In this short story, Edgar Allan Poe focuses on Montresor and his determination to exact revengeRead MoreEssay An Analysis of The Cask of Amontillado1264 Words   |  6 PagesAn Analysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a journey into the mind of a mad man. The story relates a horrible revenge made even more horrible by the fact that the vengeance is being taken when no real offense had been given. In a short space and with ultimate technical skill, Poe creates a nightmare, guaranteed to give the reader a sleepless night.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The plot of the story is a simple one. Montresor tales revenge on his friend Fortunato

Social Media And Networking Have A Strong Influence On

Social media and networking have a strong influence on most people’s lives. Whether researching a topic, listening to news, or looking through social media platforms, like Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, or LinkedIn, individuals find their way in life by these connections. In the 21st century this is the only way people gain information about anything and without it they feel lost and setback with their social ties. Now the question is, if people only use social media to feature information of themselves, or if they are using it to recognize everyday current events and information to enhance their future. Brian Williams, author of â€Å"Enough About You†, proposes the idea that our generation has â€Å"implied a message that if it has to do with you,†¦show more content†¦Social software helps us learn essential skills that will benefit students in the future. It increases the chance of knowing â€Å"how to select relevant information, critically interpreting an d analysing the socio-cultural context, working collaboratively and sharing knowledge† (239). This new advanced technology is learning how to critically think and work to make students advanced in their career. Students are not self-contained in only their life and things that interest them like Williams considers, â€Å"individuals have the autonomy to create and express themselves online, to author their own content, and to share that content with others in efficient and meaningful ways† (239). They create a balance between their community and the way they use social media as a benefit rather than information that only contains their interests and desires. Another way that social media helps to gain knowledge for students is by social networking. Students have been exposed to social networks for many years and it has influenced their education. Paul acknowledges, â€Å"some professors are beginning to use online social networking in hopes of positively influencing the outcomes of class discussions and teamwork on projects and better communication with andShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Mobile Technology1515 Words   |  7 Pagesof the population, mainly in the western society.† Social media and mobile technology thus play a central role as a modern communication tool among several internet user groups with different purposes. In particular, the elderly users over 60-75 years old of age or ‘older baby boomers’, who frequently use a social media, are on the rise in most developed countries (Nikou, 2015, 294). In recent years, the aging population has noticeably used social network sites in their everyday life; however, thereRead MoreHow Class Antagonisms Influence Life Online1156 Words   |  5 PagesHow Class Antagonisms Influence Life Online In S. Craig Watkins’ essay, â€Å"From The Young and the Digital,† he examines how class variances influence social-networking usage according to modern day times. With technology usage at an all-time high, social media usage is sparking in popularity making communication become more virtual than it has ever been. Many predicted that with this shift from real face time to virtual face time, existing social inequalities would dissipate. However, this is notRead MoreRole of Social Media1138 Words   |  5 PagesRole of social media Social media plays an essential role in our daily life. When it comes to the problem that if people should keep records or experiences by exposing photos on social networking sites, their opinions vary from person to person. In the following paragraphs, this popular controversy will be addressed as both position is thoroughly analyzed. The invention of social media has pulled people together, building strong social connections, making the world smaller, and enabling peopleRead MoreSocial Networking and Japanese Children1056 Words   |  4 PagesBackground Social networking is not new, but really a part of human culture ever since prehistory. However, social networking to the nth level, globally and through the Internet, is clearly a late-20th, early 21st century, phenomenon. Social networks are social structures in which there are ties between individuals. These individuals form clusters of like-minded interests, commonalities, and/or cultural communities. Modern social networking sites began to become extremely popular when two thingsRead MoreThe Importance of Social Media to Activism Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Importance of Social Media According to Dictionary.reference.com, activism is the policy or action of using campaigning to bring about political or social change. A huge campaign that is well known across the world, the Civil Rights Movement, was brought about by Martin Luther King, Jr. King risked his life everyday to ensure justice and equality for the African American race. â€Å"Small Change† by Malcolm Gladwell gives insight on how activism is more effective than social media, especially fromRead MoreElectronic Communication As A Barrier For Traditional Communication934 Words   |  4 Pagescultures is changing due to electrical communication through the increasing use internet and phone application. Advances in media and technology and the widespread usage of the internet are influencing cultures and cultural communication. Many of our culture exchanges are learned within our culture interactions with our family or our peers at work and school. However, social institutions are being disrupt ed by society s constant connection to digital device. Were behavior and communication is reducedRead MoreSocial Networking Is Beneficial For Students And Grown Ups1182 Words   |  5 Pagesto do with social networking. Social network is highly important because it is used on a daily basis in our surroundings. Technology has progressed throughout the years, and has created many opportunities for students, businesses, and adults to succeed. Almost everyone in the world has access to the Internet or soon will have access to the Internet. This topic is important because many have the image/ belief that social networking is bad, and have debated on what is considered a social network.Read MoreIdentifying Social Networking Strategy And Technology That Can Boost Up Their Occupancy Rate, Repeat Purchase And Customer Loyalty1724 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The purpose of this research is not to evaluate how many hoteliers vigorously using social media strategy, comparatively is to examine the area and objective of the issue why some hoteliers don’t understand and grasp the importance of social networking as a new tool of communication with its consumers or guests. Recommending solution to this issue that can help different hotelier to implement social networking strategy and technology that can boost up their occupancy rate, repeat-purchase and customerRead MoreThe Current System Of Global Social Networking Essay1663 Words   |  7 Pagesexchange of thoughts and ideas among people were once hindered by long distances and cultural divides, but this is no longer true as knowledge and information are currently free flowing. The current system of global social networking allows for ample sharing of thoughts and ideas with online social networks such as Twitter and Facebook emerging as giants in this new world (Hogan, 2010). Qualman (2010) stated that the introduction of technological innovations and infrastructure into countries has been a majorRead MoreThe Current System Of Global Social Networking Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesexchange of thoughts and ideas among people were once hindered by long distances and cultural divides, but this is no longer true as knowledge and information are currently free flowing. The current system of global social networking allows for ample sharing of thoughts and ideas with online social networks such as Twitter and Facebook emerging as giants in this new world (Hogan, 2010). Qualman (2010) stated that the introduction of technological innovations and infrastructure into countries has been a major

Information Communication In Technologies -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Information Communication In Technologies? Answer: Introduction: The trend is now getting changed. The modern day travelers and the millennial travelers now do not need anymore the hotelier experience of their parental era (Tugores Garca, 2015). They are price-conscious as they have a varied range of platforms which shows a different range of hotel packages. Moreover, the modern day travelers are now able to compare between the different offers and find the best match for their requirements. In addition to the packages, they also look for an entirely different experience which had never been in the ancient times (Schuckert, Liu Law, 2015). Such trends have changed up the mind of hoteliers. They are now looking for a varied range of psychology innovation which could provide an elevated living experience to customers (Schuckert, Liu Law, 2015). This study is also purposefully based on finding the impact of disruptive technology in the hospitality sector. The purpose is being served in this paper with the help of few current innovations in the hospitality sector. However, the study is primarily aimed at understanding the future trends for robots. Robots are believed to replace the few physical staffs that are being hired especially for the room service (Richard, 2017). Moreover, robots are supposed to take care of the basic thing like taking and delivering the orders to the guests room. This does not only answer to the needs of contemporary travelers but it also sorts out to some extent the workforce shortage at the global level (Richard, 2017). Focus on the main task of the assessment and specifically on the impact role and future trends of disruptive technology: In the hospitality industry, there are happening the few changes which catch the attention. Notably, there are few trends or the issues are driving such changes. This section of the study focuses on the current trends that are driving the technological innovation in the hotel industry. Additionally, this also focuses on the various innovations that the hotelier across the globe is bringing up to their respective hotels. Moreover, the section specifically focuses on the use of robots in hotels. Trends driving the innovation: Types of travelers- There have been considerable changes in the type of travelers that visit the different parts of the world. It does not matter whether they are visiting for business purpose or they are going for a tour, they simply look for cost-effective packages and experiences which keep ringing in their mind. The modern day travelers have a very different set of mind in regards to travel. They do not want to have the experience that their ancestors or the parents used to have (Baka, 2016). Millennial travelers, in particular, have impacted the thought process of the hotel industry. Hoteliers across the globe are now heading to get the required innovation happen to their hotels. As a result of the fact, there are happenings intense changes in the hospitality industry across the globe (Baka, 2016). Millennials have the addiction to technological gadgets. They are being born and brought up in an management where they find Smartphone or tablets from their early age of childhood. It makes a lot of difference to their mentality and the thought process. Consequently, they get addicted to the various types of technological gadgets at their different stages to support their different purposes (Seilov, 2015). Such habits do not only produce the habit of using the technological gadgets but in the meanwhile, they are also being exposed to a world bigger than their parents used to have at their early ages. A continued exposure to a wide range of information in regards to a particular topic helps them to develop the comparative skills which they use to select the best match for their needs (Seilov, 2015). For an example, they make a lot of research on the global universities in regards to different aspects like the fees structure, the infrastructure of the university, the quality of educat ion, the worldwide reputation of the center, the tutors and the much more. Such skills are the result of what the millennial were being exposed to. The reflection of what they have developed gets evident whenever they decide to do something new. Moreover, when travelers like the millennial plan a trip, they really do an extensive research before boarding to the target destination. Today, there are several online platforms where millennial and the modern travelers can find the different packages offered by the different hotels across the global level. Travelers are now able to find the best match for their needs (Tugores Garca, 2015). This is one of the trends that encourage the hoteliers to use innovative approaches to offer their target customers the best packages (Tugores Garca, 2015). To serve the purpose, they will be required to use innovative technologies which could help them to reduce the total cost. Moreover, by doing so, they will be able to offer their customers the competitive packages (Tugores Garca, 2015). When travelers board to their target destination hotel, they look for an experience which is new and attractive also. This is where the bigger part of innovation happens in the hotelier at the global platform. From automated check-in check-out system to robotics trends are all then take place. Different hotels deploy technology to save energy which on the other hand saves on the total cost. From keyless entry to creating a more personalized experience then also finds its origin (Pourfakhimi Ying, 2015). Various kinds of innovation: The preceding section has discussed the few of the trends which are driving the technological innovation in the hospitality sector. Following is the list of innovation which is largely in the picture: Automated check-in and check-out- This is one of the kinds of innovation where hotels have planned to mobilize the check-in and the check-out process. The move is not only good for leaving a good impact on the customers but this may also help in reducing the work pressure from the physical staffs (Bowie et al., 2016). Moreover, they in such circumstance can have added time to look after the guest and provide them a warm welcome. However, there is a need to have a balanced relation between the staffs and the technology, so that, they do remember their roles and responsibilities (Bowie et al., 2016). Keyless entry is also expected- The keyless entry will be attained by eliminating the entry with a swipe card. The innovation in this regard may be appearing in the form of a mobile app through which visitors will be able to enter the room (Page, 2014). Offering a more personal experience to guest- Hotels can offer a personalized experience to its guests with the help of an improved database management. The database management will provide the important personal information specific to a customer. Moreover, hoteliers in such case will be able to offer everything that is best suited to an individual needs (Minazzi, 2015). Special focus on robots: The robots will be in the large picture in the hospitality industry. One would think of how this can be possible that trained professionals will be replaced by programmed robots. Some may also think of how the concept is even in the picture (Yeoman Meethan, 2015). The answer is very simple. It will provide a robust support to the global hotels without being supervised 24 hours a day. This is much more important to a world where different countries have an inadequate workforce. Moreover, such countries are not being able to supply the demand level of employees. Additionally, there is a shortage of skilled workforce which is necessary to help hotel retains its good reputation (Jadoo et al., 2015). It is expected that by the end of 2025, robotics will play a major role in the hotel sector. The automation will happen in few departments like housekeeping and the self-service centers for contact (Jauhari, 2014). Automation will also be in the department of payment receipt, purchase to pay and supply-chain management. This will indeed be a notable shift from the inadequate labor force to a robotic system which will be doing the basic thing. In future, it might take up a much bigger than the anticipated picture (Jauhari, 2014). Its impact on the Australian Hotel and Hospitality industry: Robots are one of the catchiest innovations of the decade for the hotel industry. It has been believed that the foundation of a good reputation is constructed on the detailed services that the hotels can provide to its guests. On the other hand, there are workforce shortages at the global level. In such situations when hoteliers across the globe have an inadequate number of staffs, it is definitely a matter of worry for the industry (Seilov, 2015). They may not afford to be it the way as it is going. On the other hand, the change pattern of visitors in the form of modern travelers and the millennial travelers need a much more personalized experience. They are different from their parents and the ancestors in regards to the experience (Seilov, 2015). In this regard, there is no other solution than using the programmed robotics to support the few basic tasks which are important for both the reputation of hotels and the visitors experience. The use of robotics may also produce positive results to the Australian hospitality industry. The use of robotics may provide an utmost solution to a number of challenges that the Australian hospitality industry is facing. There are challenges in the form of incrementing competition in the hotel sector, retaining the loyal customers, reducing the cost of operating and the others (Kandampully, Zhang Bilgihan, 2015). The competition has increased in the hotel industry in Australia. This means that every single hotel will be required to put the single activity at the most appropriate places (Kandampully, Zhang Bilgihan, 2015). Needs of professional employees is one of such activities that may be hammered with an inadequate supply of labor force (Kandampully, Zhang Bilgihan, 2015). In this regard, robotics may provide a sigh of relief by handling few of the tasks like housekeeping and welcoming the guests that mean a lot to them. Moreover, this will also help to enhance the level of personalization which is one of the needs that the modern day travelers look for (Tugores Garca, 2015). Retaining the values customers is another challenge to the hotel industry in Australia. This is indeed true that robotics once programmed will have a better memory than the physical staffs in identifying the valued customers. Moreover, the system will then be able to give the visitors a much warmer welcome than what the physical staffs could have done (Kandampully, Zhang Bilgihan, 2015). Cost of operating is a much bigger challenge on the hotel industry. Apart from the infrastructural expenses, they are also required to spend on materials, staff costs, tax and GST (Kandampully, Zhang Bilgihan, 2015). Robotics, when deployed in hotels, will considerably reduce the expenses made on the staffs. Moreover, the hospitality industry in Australia will then be able to enhance the profit margin which could be possible by cutting down the costs of hiring the staffs (Richard, 2017). Conclusion: To conclude, it can be said that robotics is a good concept and may be effective for the Australian hospitality industry. The future of hotel industry in Australia is expected to face many challenges like the shortage of staffs and retaining the valued visitors. This means that demands are being increased; however, the supply of labor force is getting limited. In addition to this, expenses made on staffs add significant values to the total cost. Robotics may significantly reduce the total cost of operation and hence, will enhance the profitability margin. Robotics at nursing moment is supposed to perform various tasks like housekeeping tasks and welcoming the visitors. They may add some other dimension to the works that the robotics can perform. It just depends on the hospitality sector and their approachability in the guided direction. References: Baka, V. (2016). The becoming of user-generated reviews: Looking at the past to understand the future of managing reputation in the travel sector.Tourism Management,53, 148-162. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.004 Bowie, D., Buttle, F., Brookes, M., Mariussen, A. (2016).Hospitality marketing. Taylor Francis. Jadoo, S. A. A., Aljunid, S. M., Dastan, I., Tawfeeq, R. S., Mustafa, M. A., Ganasegeran, K., AlDubai, S. A. R. (2015). Job satisfaction and turnover intention among Iraqi doctors-a descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study.Human resources for health,13(1), 21. DOI: 10.1186/s12960-015-0014-6 Jauhari, V. (Ed.). (2014).Managing sustainability in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry: Paradigms and Directions for the Future. CRC Press. Kandampully, J., Zhang, T., Bilgihan, A. (2015). Customer loyalty: a review and future directions with a special focus on the hospitality industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(3), 379-414. DOI: 10.1108/IJCHM-03-2014-0151 Minazzi, R. (2015).Social media marketing in tourism and hospitality. Heidelberg: Springer. Page, S. J. (2014).Tourism management. Routledge. Pourfakhimi, S., Ying, T. (2015). The evolution of eTourism research: A case of ENTER conference. InInformation and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015(pp. 859-871). Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14343-9_62 Richard, B. (2017). Hotel chains: survival strategies for a dynamic future.Journal of Tourism Futures,3(1), 56-65. DOI: 10.1108/JTF-06-2016-0018 Schuckert, M., Liu, X., Law, R. (2015). Hospitality and tourism online reviews: Recent trends and future directions.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,32(5), 608-621. DOI: 10.1080/10548408.2014.933154 Seilov, G. A. (2015). Does the adoption of customer and competitor orientations make small hospitality businesses more entrepreneurial? Evidence from Kazakhstan.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(1), 71-86. DOI: 10.1108/IJCHM-12-2013-0547 Tugores, M., Garca, D. (2015). The impact of innovation on firms' performance: an analysis of the hotel sector in Majorca.Tourism Economics,21(1), 121-140. DOI: 10.5367/te.2014.0440 Yeoman, I., Meethan, K. (Eds.). (2015).The future of food tourism: Foodies, experiences, exclusivity, visions and political capital(Vol. 71). Channel View Publications.

The Horla by Guy de Maupassant free essay sample

â€Å"The Horla† is a great example of the notion that art sometimes imitates life. In 1887, while battling the end stages of syphilis and institutionalized for insanity, de Maupassant’s last story â€Å"The Horla† was published. In the pages his fictional character, the narrator, chronicles his journey into madness while fighting an unseen beast. The protagonist can be compared to de Maupassant and his own struggle with syphilis and psychosis. This story was originally written in French, the author de Maupassant’s native language. It begins merrily with the narrator, who by all means seems young, healthy and wealthy, living in an estate, journals his first entry on May 8th exclaiming, â€Å"What a lovely day! † (de Maupassant 1). In subsequent entries what the narrator says about himself, through his actions, his diary becomes the witness of his madness and parallels the authors own progression of syphilis. The first signs of the narrator’s depression begin to manifest four days after he spots a â€Å"superb-three mast† Brazilian vessel and salutes it. We will write a custom essay sample on The Horla by Guy de Maupassant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He will later come to believe that this single gesture, performing a salute, has unconsciously invited a supernatural being that was aboard the ship to enter his home. He is plagued by a fever and melancholy, changing his mood from happiness into despair. Feeling as if â€Å"some misfortune has upset his nerves and given him a fit of low spirits† (de Maupassant 2). Like his fictional character, the narrator, de Mausspant would have likely suffered from fever. The disease plaguing de Mausspant, Syphilis, is sexually transmitted and has many symptoms. In the early stages of his disease, fever is a common symptom of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease. The medical symptoms of Syphilis tend to mimic many other diseases. Patients within four to ten weeks after contracting the virus tend to have flu like symptoms; fever, muscle aches and decreased appetite. As the story continues, the narrator is overwhelmed with anxiety as if some irrational being is at work, one that the human eye cannot see but is nonetheless to blame, he begins to wonder if the fever is not only having an effect on his body but also on his mind. On May 16th he enters in his journals that yes, e believes he is becoming seriously ill. His writing begins to show that he is being gripped by paranoia. Feeling as if something inevitable, some unseen force is around the corner and ready to attack his physical well-being. He has a horrible â€Å"sensation of some danger threatening him† (de Maupassant 3), but has yet to give his affliction a name. Paranoia as being defined by Webster’s dictionary is a psychosis that is characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur usually without hallucinations. There may also be a tendency on the part of an individual towards irrational suspiciousness or distrustfulness. Subsequently, paranoia is a defying feature for paranoid schizophrenics. Using these guidelines and the narrator’s own description of his emotional state, it would tend to lead the reader into believing he is suffering from schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is also a medical induced symptom of syphilis (Kaplan, and Sadick). To escape his overwhelming feelings of being tormented and haunted by the unknown, the narrator escapes to Mount St. Michel. Feeling refreshed, he returns home in good health and spirits. However, very soon after his return, his nightmares return. Once again, he leaves and travels to Paris, hoping to enjoy the July 14th festivities. In Paris, he has the opportunity to attend a demonstration of hypnosis. At this demonstration, he learns about the power of suggestion. His spirits renewed, he decides to return home and once again the manifestations return. The creature which he has named The Horla, takes control of his body. Soon, hes unable to leave his home in order to escape from this invisible monster. Reaching this point in the story, one would believe the narrator is struggling with an inner demon, mental illness, not a physical entity. Fearing an unseen monster has possessed him, the narrator becomes withdrawn; unable to leave the confines of his home. You could ask, is the monster real or just another symptom of schizophrenia? Has the author, de Maupassant described his own feelings? Displaying his feelings as his protagonist in the story? People with schizophrenia may have hallucinations, hearing voices that other people dont hear. They may believe other people or things are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting to harm them. This illness can make a person seem withdrawn or extremely agitated. On August 18th, the narrator writes â€Å"Oh! Yes I will obey Him, follow His impulses, fulfill all His wishes, show myself humble, submissive, a coward. †(de Maupassant 14) Feeling overpowered, the narrator succumbs to the control of The Horla. His writing becomes like that of a maniac cumulating to thoughts of killing his captor, the captor that at times resides inside of him. Feeling that he may be able to take control when The Horla is creeping around the house and kill him the narrator in a moment of frenzy sets fire to his home. With his home in blazes the narrator flees to escape, only to realize he has trapped his servants in the home. The home has now became the servants grave. Overcome with paranoia when he realizes that he could not kill that which he could not see he decides his only way to escape is death. The narrator’s final line brings the conclusion to this story, â€Å"I suppose I must kill myself† (de Maupassant 18). Many sufferers of mental illness believe that suicide is the answer. On average, one out of every 10 schizophrenic patients will commit suicide. The high risk of suicide in schizophrenia is due in large part to the depression and paranoia that characterize the disorder (Veague). While unknown to the readers if the narrator actually kills himself, he was surely mad. This very madness has been documented in the real life of the author Guy de Maupassant. He himself tried to commit suicide by cutting his throat in 1891. His failed suicide attempt, his growing fear of death and paranoia led to his being institutionalized. He would spend his last 18 months of life in a Paris mental institution (Lombardi). His last work, â€Å"The Horla† should be remembered as one of his best short stories, one in which he had written himself into, as the stories own antagonist. Guy de Maupassant’s short life ended on July 6th, 1893.

Essay on REDUCTION OF COLLEGE COSTS

Essay on REDUCTION OF COLLEGE COSTS Essay on REDUCTION OF COLLEGE COSTS Corey Lucas ENC1102 - 135988 K. Thompkins October 30, 2014 Reduction of College Costs Are Essential â€Å"At a time when higher education has never been more important, it’s also never been more expensive. Over the last three decades, the average tuition at a public university has more than tripled.† This statement was said by President Barack Obama at a press conference about making college more affordable in June of 2014. This statement couldn’t be any more precise. The fact is that the cost of college, both public and private, is way too expensive and the costs are only rising. The government should work on lowering the growing cost of college because the effects of higher college costs have been nothing but detrimental for students and going to college is necessary for the future of our economy. The cost almost makes it a necessity for low income students to take out multiple loans to pay these increasing costs, only to run into financial crisis when these debts become due. Also because of the growing cost of college, students find themselves running into a cademic problems because of jobs that interfere with classes and assignments, but are needed just to pay bills such as housing and food. It’s obvious that if these costs were made more affordable, there would be less people without a college degree, therefore becoming more eligible for jobs in the workforce. Everyone is entitled to an education and everybody should be able to afford to attend public or even a top tier college. Recently, more and more high school graduates have been deciding to attend college. In these cutthroat companies, they can only hire low amounts of new employees and as the outcome; they must find the best applicant. Most likely, the chosen one is the one with an education from a four year university and this form of choosing has become a popular way of sorting resumes. Unfortunately, some students are denied the opportunity for such an education due to financial restraints. College graduates earn significantly more in their lifetimes as opposed to those who only have a high school degree. Employers are looking for more specialized skill sets from potential employers, but these skill sets can usually only be acquired through higher education. In the job market, those people who can’t afford a college education are usually behind those who can. The government needs to help subsidize or reduce tuition costs so more people have access to a college education. If more people had co llege educations, they would be able to get better paying jobs. When people have more money, they tend to spend more money, causing the economy to grow. Government subsidization of tuition could ultimately help the economy grow. College is a great investment, especially because it paves the way for your future career that will eventually become your lifestyle. However, unless your parents were able to put away a college fund, you would probably end up taking out a student loan. Today, easy credit from federal loan programs gives little motivation for colleges to keep tuition low, and many students borrow, only to come across financial debt when the loans come due. Delinquency rates on student loans reached 12% in 2013, higher than the 10% delinquency rate on mortgages at the height of the housing crisis in 2008-09. (Palacios, Miguel, and Andrew P. Kelly) And to make matters even worse, more than 40% of students who start a degree, can’t finish within 6 years and many borrowers cannot find a job to even afford the investment, according to Federal Reserve data and new federal data show that more than 650,000 federal student loan borrowers who entered repayment in 2011 defaulted on their loans by 2013. The federal student-loan system is no help, since lenders do not consider the likely return on degree programs when making loans, leaving students with no information about the value of different options. The standard 10-year repayment plan demands the heftiest percentage of a

Bonds vs. Bounds

Bonds vs. Bounds Bonds vs. Bounds Bonds vs. Bounds By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between a bond and a bound, and the relationships of the verb and adjective forms? Both words have to do with constraints, but the multiple meanings aren’t necessarily related. A bond is something that binds literally, as with chains, or figuratively, as an agreement or a financial obligation and the word is etymologically related to bind as well as band. The last word is from Old Norse and is related to the Scandinavian word bindan, which means â€Å"to bind.† Borrowed into English, that word developed into two terms: band, meaning â€Å"something that binds,† and bande, meaning â€Å"a flat strip.† With the loss of the appendage e, the four-letter word now represents both meanings. The latter sense of band is the origin of the use of the word in â€Å"rubber band† as well as the reference to a musical ensemble (from the military origin of the band, whose members, as soldiers, would wear insignia, originally in the form of strips of cloth, in common) and, by extension, any group that travels together or associates. However, the second syllable of husband, which means â€Å"dweller,† is etymologically unrelated to band. (The first element, as you may have guessed, means â€Å"house.†) Nevertheless, it became associated with bond because although the Old English word bonda means â€Å"householder,† in the feudal era, the connotation was of a serf or a tenant farmer, hence the idea of restraint. A bound is a limit, and the verb form means â€Å"to form the boundary of,† but from the sense of bind, it also means â€Å"fastened† or â€Å"compelled.† The adjective bound means â€Å"confined† (â€Å"I’m bound to my desk for the next eight hours†) or â€Å"obligated† (â€Å"I’m bound to honor my agreement†), as well as â€Å"sure† (â€Å"It’s bound to get better†) or â€Å"determined† (â€Å"She is bound to get her way†). Note, however, that this last sense can seem ambiguous: â€Å"She is bound to get her way† could be construed as referring to certainty, not resolve. The same word seen in such constructions as â€Å"I’m bound for Europe† and in the compound homebound is unrelated; that word comes from a sense of â€Å"to prepare,† another meaning for the word that formed the second part of husband. The bound used, for example, in the sentence â€Å"They watched him bound from group to group† or forming the root of rebound is from a third source, a French word meaning â€Å"leap† or â€Å"echo.† The noun and verb bend, by the way, is related to band and bind, as well as to the German word bund, meaning â€Å"league.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Regarding Re:15 Types of Documents9 Forms of the Past Tense

From the perspective of Native Americans, would you say that the Essay

From the perspective of Native Americans, would you say that the Spanish and English Empires in America had more similarities than differences - Essay Example Both empires took the lead in developing a new empire in the new world and subdivided their territories into subsections. The Spanish empire consisted of three viceroyalties including New Spain, New Castile, and New Granada. Its empire extended across most of Americans and into Asia in the sixteenth Century. The English empire had four subdivisions including Indian empire, four self-governing countries, colonies, and territories. Secondly, the Spanish and the English empires in America were similar in their economic endeavours. The leadership in both empires quite well understood the importance of a stable economy. The Spanish empire, which happens to be the largest in the world, depended mainly on silver and gold produced form Peru and Mexico. According to Scott, â€Å"the gold and silver of the conquered Aztec and Incan civilizations supplied the Spanish monarchy with centuries of mineral wealth† (Scott web). This wealth could sustain its economy. Indigenous people formed the workforce because they worked as slaves (Hansen et al 530). To maintain its empire, English empire endeavoured to industrialise using slaves from the colonised nations as cheap labour. The fact that English society contained a more developed and flourishing sector than its neighbourhood did attract settlement to its territories building a platform for commerce. Thirdly, both empires carry a history of poor administration. The management of the conquered colonies was inefficient and poor. For instance, Spanish monarchs had a problem in administering large territories conquered during their raid. There existed poor means of communication, which led the monarchs to formulate rigid rules, within layers of bureaucracy. Both empires endeavoured to civilize and colonise the natives, at times dehumanizing them by making them slaves or getting rid of them and replacing them with the whites. Although both empires had poor administration, they influenced globalisation of the current

Doctrines in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Doctrines in the US - Essay Example By now, the American foreign policy makers should have already adopted a unified doctrine that should be applied by subsequent US presidents. The reasons given below show why a unified doctrine is the best way forward for America: History exists to teach and those who do not take the lessons of history to heart are always bound to repeat the same mistakes over and over again. In the 19th century, America did not bother with the occurrences outside of their borders (Carp 259). During the Spanish-American war and indeed during the Roosevelt Corollary, the stance was largely maintained except it had a twist. Instead of America just minding its own business, it was going to act as a broker of regional power. Many historians considered the intention of America as a power broker as just an act of lip service. Action was finally taken by the then president Wilson who decided to commit American troops in the 1st World War and marked the first real intention that the country had the desire to take world affairs on its heels. However, even before there was a chance for the country to prove itself as a leader of world affairs, it instead retreated and chose to support a League of Nations. The next spur to action was occasioned the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941, which signaled the entry of America into the world war. The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945 was also a major wake up call which marked the end of American participation in World War II. The 2nd world war was the only time that America chose to act on the world stage and since then has worked vehemently in a bid to containing and eventually defeating communism. This brief history of the American action shows that the country had largely acted as a sole entity not wanting to be involved in world affairs. It was only after the attack on Pearl Harbor that the country realized that the isolationist stance was only going to hurt it in the long term. The advances in technology pose an eve n bigger threat to the security of the citizens of the United States as well as peace and stability on the international stage. The war on terrorism is going to be a long and protracted one aided by technology and religious sycophancy. The reluctance of the US to pursue the terrorist prior to the occurrences of 2001 was very costly for Americans. Therefore, there is need for one doctrine in order to avoid such occurrences from happening again in the future. The way that America conducts itself on the world stage in the name of fighting terrorism should be scrutinized so that it aids in the attraction of allies rather than the formation of adversaries. Already, there is a perception that America acts unilaterally when fighting terrorism which creates an aura of anti-Americanism which can only be detrimental in the future efforts by the country to fight terrorism. Long-term allies like Germany and France feel that America should channel its efforts on the war on terror through multila teral institutions like the United Nations. Currently, US presidents do no consultations with world leaders before taking any action. President Bush literally went into Afghanistan and Iraq amidst opposition from many quarters in the international scene. President Obama recently invaded a sovereign country, Pakistan, and conducted a raid without involving any other leadership. This can be

Describe the room youre in Essay Example for Free

Describe the room youre in Essay Still, a thick veil of cigarette smoke filtered my view of the dark, dank, desolate sitting room, and made the black walls appear grey. The early hours of the evening had consisted of me repeatedly lighting and leaving cigarettes to burn out between my fingers, not one of the twenty met my lips, as intended. The looming smoke crept slowly out of a miniscule hole in the top left hand corner of the window fame, to my right. I lazily calculated, judging by the time of the humungous clock on the wall opposite me, that Id been slumped on this icy black settee for over 9 hours now. Time moved slower than Id ever known it, it was gradually approaching 2:24am. There still remained a constant murmur of Freddie Mercury telling me he could dim the lights and sing me songs full of sad things- his voice leaked aimlessly from the 2 white headphones lying forgotten on the bitterly cold tiled floor. My dog sat protectively at my feet, staring at me. Awfully tired, but reluctant to leave me to sit alone. I edged forward on the settee, the music seemed louder from there. The distinct scent of the condolence flowers, which lay in a tattered heap on the coffee table in front of me, under my tear-drenched scarf, danced through both of my nostrils. It was surprisingly strong. I glanced down at the dog, who obviously saw this as an invitation to a far more comfortable seat. His black, shiny front legs, one at a time, slowly heaved his heavily muscled shoulders onto the settee beside me. Followed by his short hind legs, which failed to be able to push the remaining torso onto the slippery leather seat. His struggling eyes pleaded for a helping hand. I swung my right arm over his broad back and under his barrel-like rib cage, gripping tightly and pulling toward myself, he appreciatively licked my arm, and then settled next to me. After a few short moments, he sunk down into the settee and lolled his head onto my leg, where he stared back morosely at me, breathing in deeply and almost sighing as he forced breaths out. His brow furrowed into the form of self-pity and grief, now and then throwing the odd whimper at me. Hed always been good at mirroring my feelings. The wind was audibly picking up speed and strength, it angrily punched the windowpane several times, before giving in and sending a fleet of fat, hefty, hard-hitting rain drops to pummel the windowpane some more. The door was trembling from being harassed so fiercely by the wind, it bellowed and whistled, trying the door handle and rattling the lock. My heart felt the enraged booming of the thunder as it rolled through the thick black clouds, calling for the lightning. The room lit up, everything was visible for a few short seconds. Then, when the lightning clocked off, the quiet, lonely darkness carried on the remainder of his shift. A lone screw flew towards me, breezed past my right cheek and pinged off the wall behind me, as the French doors swung open with a sudden, monstrous clash. The aggressive wind had forced its way into the house, it bled through the building. It raced up the stairs, slamming doors in a childish fashion, while it ripped the photographs off the walls and crunched the glass in the frames, it spun around the curtains tearing them from the pole, as if it had a vendetta against the dicor. The hellish gale swirled tauntingly around me, pulling my cardigan and twirling my hair around my throat. The dog lunged onto my lap, and began to warn off the frosty blasts with a series of blood curdling, deep and defensive barks and snarls. Silence fell. I stood. Wrapping my cardigan around me tightly, and following my bodyguard of a dog, I peered out of the double doors and down the bleak corridor. The front door was closed. I returned to resume sitting on the sunken leather settee with my dog. As I sat, my left hand attempted to correct my windswept hair, while the right cradled my proud pet. I felt the beginnings of a snarl rekindling from the pit of his stomach; it rose up into his throat and gushed out between gritted teeth at the rain that spat spitefully at the window. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our  GCSE Miscellaneous  section. Download this essay Print Save Heres what a teacher thought of this essay 5  star(s)

The Major Marketing Strategies Essay -- Business and Management Studie

The Major Marketing Strategies Most of the major marketing strategies can be classified into one of the following four categories: * Product * Place * Price * Promotion These four categories are known as the marketing mix or the four P’s of marketing. These are variables that the marketing managers have to control in order to satisfy their customers. Below is a diagram of how the marketing mix comprises. Product: looks at the physical product or service offered to the consumer, it also refers to the service or the conveniences that are part of the offering. Product decisions include aspects such as: function appearance, packaging, service, warranty and any other elements related with the product. Price: Pricing decisions should take into account profit margins and the probable pricing response of competitors. Pricing does not only take into account the list price but also looks at: discount, financing and other options such as leasing. Place: The place or placement serves as the channels of distribution for getting the product to the consumer. Distribution takes into account: Availability, types of outlets and market coverage and the location of the business. Promotion: These decisions are those related to communicating and selling the product to the consumer. Promotions need to take into account the value of the customer as promotions can become quite expensive and therefore you need to consider whether your customers are really worth the cost of acquiring them. Promotion decisions include: advertising, public relations, media types, publicity and image. The following table summarises the marketing mix decisions In regards to Hayes pool the marketing mix had been used to create their marketing strategy by looking at the four P’s and linking them to the consumer. Hayes pool would be looking to use a market penetration scheme as their main target consumers would be those people interested in using the swimming facility. In this case Hayes pool knows that the demand is likely to be elastic because of the fact that so many leisure centres and gym facilities are constantly opening. The product of Hayes pool is mainly the swimming complex that they have and as a subsidiary business they have involved a gym facility. The product side of the marketing mix has not been used very effectively; the appearance is very poor as the building seems quite old ... ...k workout I need to look into adding more facilities and this can be achieved by researching what other competitors are offering in the area. Opportunities * New and rapidly growing markets * Changing tastes of consumers * Could diversify into a number of product lines. I have found that my leisure centre can be shifted across the road which would mean that it lies in the zone that is funded by the government; this means that they could give the pool a complete makeover and really build up the facilities. Also if the leisure centre was to move across the road a route from central avenue could be made allowing easier access to the leisure centre for residents of the road that falls on central avenue, east holme, orchard road and coldharbour lane. Threats * Growing competition from rivals * Recession leading to poor demand in the economy * Development of foreign competitors A new leisure centre has recently opened up in the area and is offering all the benefits of the leading gym centres but at lower prices. Within a year the local elections will take place again and if the current government is voted of the chair the next government may not allow funding for my leisure centre.

Wrist Watch Structure

THE TOP PLATE The Movement as Seen from the Back of the Watch {draw:rect} {draw:frame} THE BOTTOM PLATE *The* Dial Side of the Movement {draw:rect} {draw:frame} THE KEYLESS WORKS Winding and Hand-Setting {draw:frame} THE MOTION WORKS The Hour, Minute and Second Hands {draw:frame} The Cannon Pinion, Hour Wheel, Minute Wheel and Wheel Pinions {draw:rect} {draw:frame} The illustration above shows the motion works of a center-seconds watch. (1) The fourth wheel pinion, which carries the seconds hand. (2) The center wheel pinion, which carries the cannon pinion. 3) The cannon pinion, which carries the minutes hand. (4) the hour wheel, which carries the hour hand. {draw:frame} The second illustration diagrams the power flow from movement to hands. (A) The movement plate. (B) The center wheel. (C) The fourth wheel. (D) The cannon pinion. (E) The hour wheel. (F) The minute wheel. You can follow the power flow with the red numbers, 1 through 8. {draw:frame} The Balance Wheel: Amplitude {draw: rect} Amplitude may be measured with an electronic timer, or may be visually estimated. In the illustration the balance is in its centered (rest) position. The clockwise travel of one spoke (bottom) is indicated. Normally, the spoke will travel to between 275 and 315 degrees before reversing its direction, returning to center, and traveling 275 to 315 degrees counterclockwise. The Balance Wheel in Detail {draw:rect} {draw:frame} *THE ESCAPEMENT: Escape Wheel,* Pallets and Balance Staff {draw:rect} {draw:frame} The Mainspring, Mainspring Barrel, Barrel Arbor, Ratchet and Crown Wheel {draw:rect} {draw:frame} The Wheel Train {draw:rect} {draw:frame} Screws *The* Various Screws Used in the Watch {draw:rect} {draw:frame}

Demerits of Advertising Essay

Advertising is a form of communication used to encourage or persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to continue or take some new action. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common. The purpose of advertising may also be to reassure employees or shareholders that a company is viable or successful. Advertising messages are usually paid for by sponsors and viewed via various traditional media; including mass media such as newspaper, magazines, television commercial, radio advertisement, outdoor advertising or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messagesModern advertising developed with the rise of mass production in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Type Demerits1 Demerits of Advertising (Objections) Various objections against it may be listed as follows: 1. Economic Objections a) Advertising is not productive. It is true that it does not produce any tangible goods. It is said to involve wasteful expenditure. b) It forces people to desire and buy goods, which, in fact, are not within their means.  c) It increases the cost of goods. Advertising charges are included in the price, which the consumer has to pay. d) Advertising results in monopoly. The consumer becomes a slave to a particular brand. 2. Social Objections a) Most of the advertisements contain tall claims and the consumers do not enjoy the benefits advertisement in full. They are shortlived only. b) The press is influenced by the advertisers because they provide major revenue for the existence of newspapers. 3. Ethical Objections a) Advertising appeals make people to use such articles, which may affect their health. For example alcoholic drinks and cigarettes. b) People with less purchasing power cannot afford to buy articles even though advertisements create a strong need in them. Thus a section of society remains discontented. Whatever may be said against advertising, it is increasingly used almost in every branch of business to promote sales. It is not merely a means of sales promotion but today it has become a science equivalent to any other social science. Type Demerits 2 These are the disadvantages of advertising: Increases the cost: It increases the cost of goods. The cost of the advertisement is included in the price and is ultimately borne by the customers. Misleads the public: It misleads the public by giving false statements about the product. (It may be true in some cases but majority of advertisers know the value of honest statements.) Creates a dissatisfaction: It creates tastes and desires for some people whose income may not allow them to buy. Such people feel dissatisfied. Creates a monopoly: It increases monopolistic trend. Due to advertisement some manufacturers create monopoly in industry and thus reduce healthy competition. It becomes difficult for new firms to enter the field. Creates the confusion: It creates the possibility of wrong purchases. Being impressed by the advertisement, in some cases, a person is not able to purchase the commodity, which he actually wants to purchase. Encourages luxury: This encourages luxury. Mostly the commodities related to comforts and luxuries are advertised, for example, cigarettes, cosmetic goods and etc. due to advertisement of cigarettes several persons start smoking cigarettes, which becomes habit. Reduces cleanliness: It reduces cleanliness. Large number of posters and writings on the walls are used for advertisement. This makes the roads and the walls of the houses look dirty. Thus, it reduces the natural beauty. Causes wastage: It is a cause of wastage of natural resources. As a results of advertisement, style and fashion change quickly. It makes the goods out of fashion.

Joe dirt essays

Joe dirt essays The Semiotics of Joe Dirt In the eyes of many, Joe Dirt is a classical laugh. A comedy produced by Columbia Pictures in 2001 about a boy whose parents abandoned him at the age of seven. When I happened to run across this adoption ad the other day it reminded me of this movie, but made me see it in a different way. Even though a hysterical movie, Joe Dirt can be dramatic if you look deep into the plot of the movie instead of all the comedy that surrounds it. When you compare this movie to an ad like the adoption one you wonder if they have feelings like Joe Dirt as well. Joe Dirt was seven years old when his parents left him all by his lonesome at the Grand Canyon. He searched for the all day and seen they were nowhere to be found. The next day he pondered and pondered on his parents disappearance and dedicated his life to finding them, knowing that they didnt leave him on purpose, did they? Joe was a little different than the average smoe. Always happy, he lived life one day at a time. He attended a boys home until the age of twelve because he couldnt survive on his own. He left that place a soon as he could after everyone started bullying him around in a desperate search for his parents. He would camp the forests and live secluded because he wasnt warmly welcomed in society. Early one morning he topped this hill he had been hiking for a while too see a place that would change his life forever, Silvertown. There he met Brandy, his life long love. She was a beautiful woman who appreciated Joes kind and harmless ways. Unable to see that Brandy had feelings for him he continued his search for his parents vowing never to give up. He found himself at radio station for a while working as a janitor. One day he bumped into a guy that had a radio show. The guy was so amazed at Joes appearance he brought him into his show to talk to him. At this time Joe was in his early twenties...

The Devil, Part Two

The Devil, Part Two The Devil, Part Two The Devil, Part Two By Maeve Maddox A note from Stephen Thom has recalled me to a post that I wrote in May: Speak of the Devil! Maeve, I might suggest double-checking the printers devil expression. Â  It was my understanding that the term referred to the compartmentalized wooden tray that holds all the little metal letter stamps used in a printing press. Â  If that tray got tipped over and the letters spilled the printer would need hours and hours reorganizing the tray (having a devil of a time in the process). Â   This was told to me when my grade-school class trip visited a recreated colonial American village; the man working the old-time printing press told us that was where the term printers devil came from. I know from experience what a devil of a job it is to sort out pied type, i.e., moveable type that has been mixed up. I had the happy fortune to work in a letterpress print shop as an undergraduate. I wasnt allowed near the huge rotary press or the hot linotype machine, but I set type for headlines using a composing stick, and printed my own stationery on the little platen press. I was also called a devil by the elderly shop manager. It was a sad day when we got our first offset machine and saw the beginning of the end. The compartmentalized wooden tray is called a type case. Theres an upper case that holds the capital letters, and a lower case that holds the small letters. Yep, thats where we get the terms uppercase and lowercase. The small letters are placed in the lower case because theyre the ones most used and the lower case is easier to reach. One of my least favorite jobs was going through the compartments looking for pied type. The etymology for printers devil offered by the man in the colonial village is one Ive not been able to find in any printed reference Ive consulted. Heres the entry in Brewers Dictionary of Phrase Fable: A printers devil. A printers message boy; formerly, the boy who took the printed sheets from the tympan of the press. Moxon says (1683): They do commonly so black and bedaub themselves that the workmen do jocosely call them devils. One of my favorite reference books is an 1898 edition of Brewers The Readers Handbook that I acquired years ago in England. This fat little red book is now broken in two from the use its had from me. I learned only recently that the erudite old gentleman also produced a Dictionary of Phrase Fable that first appeared in 1870. The 80 or so devil references in my library copy of the Dictionarys eighth edition cover four closely-printed two-column pages. The devil only knows how many more devil expressions are in the seventeenth edition that I just ordered for myself. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowAnyone vs. EveryoneAffect vs. Effect

Five Forces of Competition Model Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Five Forces of Competition Model - Case Study Example The second force considers the threat created by new market entrants. The railroad business requires huge capital in starting a business operation. Moreover, potential new players lack access to land that is essential for the development of rail networks. The advancement of other transportation systems also hinder the widespread investment in this industry. For current players, the market remains stable as the rate of receiving new entrants is low. The bargaining powers of buyers stands as the third force (Hill & Jones, 46). In the railroad industry, buyers possess little bargaining power. The charges incurred in transportation are a dictate of legal laws regulating prices. Therefore, buyers lack power in price control. Moreover, the importance of goods transported through rail such as agricultural products limits the bargaining power of the buyers. The fourth force suggested by Porter considers the power of suppliers. In the case of railroad transport, suppliers hold a significant power. Union Pacific Corporation notes that the companies in the trade over-rely on specific suppliers for locomotive parts. Consequently, the withdrawal of one of the suppliers serves as a major challenge for these players. Suppliers in this industry control major processes of operation. The fifth force evaluates the threat of substitutes. The transportation industry offers substitutes in the shipping and air freight industries. Shipping costs sign ificantly cheaper while air transport remains faster. However, railroads remain significant due to their large operations on the land. Their major substitutes primarily operate in the air and water. Based on this analysis, the railroad industry stands out as unattractive. Challenges of competition create substantial problems. Moreover, the high cost of operation and the power of suppliers makes the industry unstable and unsustainable by new

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 120

Summary - Essay Example The first step to financial freedom is developing specific financial goals that appreciate the difference between needs and wants; saving extensively and investing in ventures which assure financial security in future. One must clearly understand the difference between assets and liabilities i.e. assets bring in money while inabilities take out. Step number three is investing; after saving enough then train your money to go out, work and bring more for you. Taking up a life or long term disability policy especially to cover the bread winner is important in the financial security of a family. It is a safety tool that can get you out of some unexpected events and huge debts. Understanding taxes and fees is crucial as it helps one save on taxes and also on investment fees. Lastly is ensuring regular reevaluation and revision of the plan as financial decisions are usually dynamic and strategies must change with time. In conclusion therefore a secure financial future requires that we take timely and sound financial decisions such as setting specific & precise financial goals, understanding our assets and liabilities, knowing how taxes and fees work, and investing strategically. Regular reviews of the financial plan helps make priority changes that align the goals to ones current life position. It is thus extremely to track and monitor our financial goals for

Classs Design-Project Presentations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Classs Design-Project Presentations - Essay Example I personally had to conduct deep research pertaining to my model before I could decide which particular areas I would focus on my presentation. The assignment took much longer to study and develop the concepts than recapitulate them in the final presentation, Such extensive research sufficiently educated the students in their respective subjects. Having gone through all of the presentations, I have reached the conclusion that the nature of modern designs emphasizes upon usability without having to compromise upon style. Be it a washing machine, hanger, or a vending machine, one thing that is common in all of them is style and user-friendliness. It is good to find out that we are going to have some extremely stylish and user-friendly furniture in near future. I particularly liked the concept because the subject of the assignment was quite off the track on which conventional assignments are made. Even the making of the presentation was no less interesting. This was one assignment that I enjoyed making because 75 percent of the work was done in powerpoint and only 25 percent was done in MS word. I enjoyed developing pictures and explaining the concepts with respect to them. As they say that one picture is worth one thousand words. I found the concept of teaching the subject through powerpoint slides extremely useful as powerpoint allows the lecturer to make frequent use of pictures to elaborate complex concepts. More often than not, I found a momentary look at the pictures sufficient to convey to me the whole idea that the words would deliver.

Regulating Iron Metabolism

Regulating Iron Metabolism Introduction Iron is an essential nutrient for many organisms as it aids in numerous cellular processes such as oxygen transport and DNA synthesis. In overload, iron generates free radicals that damage both proteins and lipids. On the other hand, a deficiency of iron undermines cell proliferation. Iron metabolism: an outline An adult manages to take up around 1-3mg of iron a day, in order to make up for any losses through sweat, urine and dying red cells. Non-heme iron is taken up by red cells through bivalent metal transporters, also heme iron is taken up by red cells though an undefined mechanism. Regulation of iron metabolism Keeping a constant cellular iron content is important and therefore the body has developed precise mechanisms for the regulation of uptake storage and export of iron. The Iron-Responsive Element (IRE)/ Iron Regulatory Protein (IRP) regulatory mechanism consists of a mechanism responsible for regulating post-transcriptional gene expression to maintain iron homeostasis. It involves two RNA binding proteins Iron-regulatory protein 12 (IRP 1, IRP 2) and a regulatory RNA elements known as Iron Responsive Elements. IRE/IRP interactions control the expression of mRNA sequences that encode for proteins responsible for iron acquisition (divalent metal transporter 1 and transferrin receptor 1), storage of iron (H-ferritin and L-ferritin) iron utilization (erythroid 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase), energy (mitochondrial aconitase), and iron export (ferroportin) (Muckhentaler, et al., 2008). The processes responsible from binding IRP1 and IRP2 to IRE are regulated mainly by iron levels, although other stimuli do exist, such as hypoxia and nitric oxide. In cells which have high iron levels, the IRP/IRE binding activity is low as IRP 1 2 are incapable of binding to IRE. In such conditions, IRP1 would set up an iron-sulphur cluster (Fe-S) which in turn transforms into cytosolic aconitase, whereas IRP2 would become degraded through the action of the proteosome. This means that only in iron-depleted cells would the IRP proteins bind to IRE. Both IRP 1 2 hinder translation initiation when bound to the 5’Untranslated Region of IRE, by inhibiting the binding of the small ribosomal sub-unit to the mRNA sequence (Muckenthaler, et al., 1998). In addition, when IRP1 is bound to a cap proximal IRE, and hence the cap binding complex (eIF4F) is produced. At this point the small ribosomal sub-unit does not incorporate in the presence of IRP1 which hinders any interactions needed between the cap binding complex and the small ribosomal sub-unit. The association of IRP 1 with the 3’IRE of transferrin receptor 1 reduces its turnover by hindering the cleavage of a restriction site and eventually its mRNA degradation (Binder, et al., 1994). The mechanism that stabilizes IRP mRNA has not yet been well investigated for other 3’IRE containing mRNA’s like CDC14A and DMT1, which contain one 3’IRE site and could require other factors in order to be regulated. Therefore, it can be said that the binding of IR P 1 2 ensures iron balance and no over expression of target mRNA molecules. The IRP/IRE system was primarily described as a non-complex post-transcriptional gene expression which regulates the formation of ferritins and transferrin receptor 1. The discovery of other mRNA sequences associated with this system has increased the complexity and has enhanced the role of IRP proteins to connect different pathways, which are regulated by iron metabolism. Assessment of Iron Status Iron studies are a group of tests that are performed in order to evaluate the status of the iron stores as well as the concentration of iron in serum. Tests that are performed when an Iron profile is ordered may include: Serum iron Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) and/or Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) Transferrin Ferritin Transferrin receptor Transferrin Saturation Serum iron is a measure of the amount of iron present in blood and usually does not diminish until iron stores are depleted. It is ordered normally as a follow-up when low levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit are observed on a complete blood count. An increased level of iron can be due to ingestion of iron (e.g. food or medication) or ineffective erythropoiesis. On the other hand low iron levels might be the result of: infection, menstruation, inflammation, malignancy or iron deficiency. Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) is also used to measure the status of iron in blood. It can be either measured or else calculated based on the level of transferrin in the blood. TIBC and serum iron can then be used to calculate percentage transferrin saturation, which is a much better index for iron status than serum iron or TIBC alone, using the flowing calculation: The 26.1 value is used as a constant to convert Transferrin to an equivalent TIBC concentration. UIBC is normally used as an alternative to TIBC. Percentage transferrin saturation (TSAT) is a measurement of the amount of iron which is effectively bound to transferrin, therefore indicting the amount of iron which is available to sustain erythropoiesis. A low TSAT may be indicative of infection, erythropoiesis, inflammation or iron deficiency. Whereas, an elevate value might mean haemochromatosis, liver disease, ineffective erythropoiesis or recent ingestion of dietary iron. Transferrin is the plasma protein responsible for the transport of iron inside the body. It is also habitual to test for transferrin (apart from TIBC or UIBC) as this is a better indicator of the patient’s nutritional status and to some extent an indicator of liver function, since transferrin is produced in the liver. Low levels of transferrin can be observed with liver disease, however transferrin may also drop in malignant tumors and if not enough dietary protein is taken up. On the other hand, high levels can be observed with iron deficiency and during pregnancy. Iron can be stored intracellularly in the form of ferritin. Ferritin is a protein which stores iron in a non-toxic form. It is a sizeable molecule with a core of ferric hydroxide phosphate. It is considered to be the best indicator of iron stores in the body. Low levels of ferritin are normally indicative of iron deficiency or a response to therapy involving erythropoietin, whereas high levels might be due to inflammation, malignancy or infection. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR) does not necessarily feature in an iron panel; however it is worth mentioning since it helps distinguishing between iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease. It is normally ordered in the case that an iron panel does not give enough information to reach a conclusive diagnosis. Usually to evaluate the status of iron stores ferritin is the preferred indicator. However, it is an acute phase reactant, meaning that it can give a falsely elevated value with inflammation or chronic disease. Seeing a, sTFR is not an acute phase reactant, it can be used as an alternative in case chronic disease is suspected.

Running Training Essay -- Compare Contrast Papers

Running Training For the past several years runners all over the world have been trying to figure out and arguing over the simple question: â€Å"Is high mileage training better than low mileage, during training season?† Kenyan’s in Africa have been running unbelievable amounts of mileage for years, and tend to always be in the top field in any race over five thousand meters. While Africans have been leading the fields for years, where do the best US runners end up? Not in the lead pack! Perhaps they are training too hard to be like their Kenyan counterparts. I think a lot of runners believe that if they train like the runners from Kenya that they will have the same results. When in truth they end up running themselves into the ground. Perhaps that is why there are others that think that if they train light and more to their athletic ability level that they will have better results. Many runners think that less mileage is better for a runner during training season, as does George Sheehan who wrote the essay titled â€Å"Training: More or Less.† In his essay he claims that he believes the optimal distance for athletes is twenty to twenty-five miles per week, including speed work, and races. While his theory on training might be correct for his level of training, it may not be sufficient for other runners who are serious about training with all they have. Many believe that in order to get better they must put in the miles on the road, which will get their legs used to the stress put on their muscles and feet during the course of a race. As a distance runner for the Buena Vista University Cross Country and Track team, in Storm Lake, Iowa, my experience with low mileage training and high mileage training came out wit... ... further distances. Runners are entitled to their own opinion, because everybody’s bodies are different and are more fit for running different levels of mileage. While those runners are training with low mileage, others who are against running low mileage because they believe that getting the body used to running further distances will improve their running. The above research gave plenty of examples of how there is a rebuttal going on where some runners believe that less training means more output, as well as how some believe that more training means more output. Examples are given throughout the paper to support both ideas. Works Cited Hage, Jim. When Less Really is Less. 15 Apr. 2002 . Sheehan, George. Training: More or Less. 1991. 15 Apr. 2002 .

Vioxx Recall

IntroductionMerck, one of the world’s leading pharmaceutical markets, had enjoyed a long reputation as one of drug companies that prioritize ‘ethical and socially responsible’ as their company’s main core values. They once had been recognized as â€Å"most admired company† for unbelievably seven successive years by Fortune magazine and also persistently listed as one of best companies to work for. With their flawless and honorable reputation, no wonder Merck ranked fourth in sales, fifth in assets and market values, and first in profits; where they earned $7.33 billion in 2005 (Lawrence, 2006).However, no one would have thought that someday, this company’s stability will be in questioned. That’s what happened in 2004. The company’s best-selling prescription painkiller, Vioxx turned out from a â€Å"blockbuster drug† to â€Å"blockbuster disaster† when it is believed that it increased the risk of heart attacks and st rokes. Consequently, Merck had to deal with many challenges; the plunge in the stock’s price, lawsuits, investigations and others. Until, in September 2004, Merck had to pull Vioxx off the market to focus on taking responsibilities for every trouble they have caused. This report will discuss in summary about what had happened; the behavior of  Merck towards risk associated with Vioxx, safety measures that should have been taken, the recall of Vioxx and some recommendations; which all will be explained further later on.Socially Responsible and Ethical MannerThis section will focus on the action of Merck; whether they have acted ethical and socially responsible with regard to Vioxx, and these actions will be addressed in terms of drug development and testing, marketing and advertising, relationships with government regulators and policy makers, and the handling of the recall. Also, this section will provide a few suggestions; what could or should Merck have done differently, if anything. George W. Merck, the company’s long-time CEO once said that, â€Å"We try never to forget that medicine is for the people, not for the profits. As long as we remembered that, the profits will follow; they never fail to appear†. This statement then decided to be set as their priority and guidance for every of their actions. However, did they really have acted ethical and socially responsible towards this value? No, they’re not. Why?Drug Development and TestingLet’s take a look at the situation first. Back in the old days; before the drug was approved, there are some doubt on the safety of prescribing Vioxx. Although it is still in the early stage, research made by Merck scientist suggests that there are high cardiovascular risks associated with the prescription of Vioxx. This was confirmed as stated in an e-mail by Dr. Alise Reicin (one of the Merck scientists), according to The Wall Street Journal. In the e-mail, she expressed her concerns in the possibility of cardiovascular events prior to prescribing Vioxx.She also had planned to communicate those results to her senior management; however, nothing’s happened. In 2000 (when Vioxx already in market), a research financed by Merck was conducted. This study; code-named VIGOR was designed to study gastrointestinal side effects by comparing it with the effects of taking naproxen (Aleve). The results of VIGOR later suggest that although Vioxx are easier on the stomach compared to naproxen, it also contribute to risks of suffering heart-attacks fives time higher.However, they denied the risks inherent in Vioxx by simply stating that the findings were in favor of the  heart-protective effect in naproxen. In 9 March 2000, Dr. Edward Scolnick; the company’s research director finally admitted the presence of cardiovascular risks inherent in Vioxx. Then, they considering to reformulate Vioxx by adding an agent to prevent blood clots (in the meantime, might reduce c ardiovascular risk), but somehow, they dropped the project. Analyzing from the situation above, clearly that Merck have not acted ethical and socially responsible in the Vioxx’s development and testing.Why? Here are the reasons. At first, if Merck already knew about Vioxx’s dangers and defects, especially in the development phase, they should never ever try to even put the drug in the market for prescription. Instead, they should finance and urge their research or scientist team to try reformulating the drug so that the harmful side effects can be removed, or at the very least, minimized. As for the results of VIGOR; where Vioxx was already there in the market, they should not denied whatever test or research that have been made and was proven to be true. Alternatively, Merck should have taken the drug off the market right then and explored other options to improve the drug. 2.2 Marketing and advertisingAs a fact, the advertising technique used by Merck and other drug companies at that time was Direct-to-Consumer (DTC). Granted by the FDA in 1997, this technique allows companies to directly advertise their prescriptions to respective target customers. To seize the opportunities, Merck then employed tens of thousands of sales representatives; mostly attractive young men and women. These people will then go to promote the drugs; often around the doctors’ offices where they will talk about the drugs and give out free sample.Aside of that, Merck also snatch the occasion by placing numerous ads on television, magazines and newspapers. One example of famous ad for Vioxx will be the ad featuring Olympic figure skating champion, Dorothy Hamill. In the ad, she slither elegantly across an outdoor ice rink, and later telling the commercial viewers that she would not let arthritis stop her. By all means, Merck did not act in an ethical manner in this term too. Why? Firstly, it does not communicate the full aspects of the products well enough; no messa ge regarding the safety precaution. This is illustrated in the Dorothy’s commercial, where the ad did not convey their message strong enough about it safety.It is afraid might exposed patients to prescribe  without having knowledge about the medicines, whether it is safe or not. Thus, what Merck could do differently is that, they should disseminate the full features about the drug, especially if the drug does inherent some risk in prescribing it. In addition; they can also convey the message simply by labeling or tag the bottle of the drug with some safety and precaution measures. In terms of DTC advertising, they should not put pressures on the doctors, because this might forced these doctors to recommend drugs that might not suitable for the patients. One way to deal with this approach is to forbid companies from giving gift or other forms of briberies in attempt to persuade doctors to bring their drugs to the attention of patients; since this is what Merck do behind the door.Relationships with government regulators and policymakersBack in the United States, the main body that regulate and conduct clinical trials to measure the safety and effectiveness’s of a drug before it can be sold to the public was the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To relate with this context, one of the reason why Merck became the leader in pharmaceutical industries is because it’s strong influence â€Å"at the top†. By lobbying, Merck and other drug companies consistently donate large sums of money to political parties, and this benefits them in terms of influence they had over some superiors, even at the FDA.The unethical actions of Merck were demonstrated during the â€Å"one-by-one† discovery of Vioxx’s bad side effects; where Merck keeps ignore the findings over and over again with various excuses. It is undisputable that such actions might be simply because those influences they thought they had over the regulators. If analyzed ca refully, their actions in handling the controversy might be influenced by the notion of â€Å"bribe† they have done over the past years; where they donate money to political parties. Thus, the act of so-called â€Å"donation† should be prohibited (fortunately, it was banned in 2003).Handling of the recallThough Merck consistently irresponsible socially and ethically in the way they dealt with the Vioxx situation, the handling of Vioxx recall from the pharmaceutical market seems to be managed appropriately and in a professional manner by Merck. On September 30, 2004, Vioxx was officially withdrawn from market associated with Merck press conference. In addition, Merck also revealed that the Vioxx issue was being investigated by the US  Justice Department, the Securities Exchange Commission and the US Congress. In this context, the only thing that Merck should have done differently is that whenever they found out any risk associated with their drugs, they shouldnâ€℠¢t wait any longer, even for one week, to withdraw their drugs out of the market.Rate of stakeholdersIn this section, the focus will be converged on the best ways to protect consumers of prescription medicines. This section also will outline what are the specific roles of stakeholders available in assuring the safety and effectiveness of prescription medicines. And by the term ‘stakeholders available’, explanation of the roles will be viewed from four perspectives of pharmaceutical companies, government regulators and policymakers, patients and their physicians and the court system.Pharmaceutical companiesNot just Merck, other pharmaceutical companies also should realize that they have a huge responsibility to ensure the safety of their respective customers, so that it can benefits themselves in return. As for Merck, who having â€Å"try to never to forget that medicine is for the people, not for the profits† as their touchstone of core values, they should have b een a better pharmaceutical companies in protecting their consumers. How? There are various ways to do so.First and foremost, and the most basic one is to remember the idea that medicines is for people, not for the profit. As long as they put people first, it is possible that customers will keep their loyalty with the company. Aside of that, companies also should realize that they are accountable to conduct more research and testing on their drugs before it can be placed in a market; so that nothing bad happened to their customers in the future. In addition, if their drugs do possess some risks in consuming it, at least put some warning or safety labels so that patients aware of that risk before prescribing it. 3.2 Government regulators and policymakersThis might be harsh, but the fact that all the problems occurred in the case of Merck and Vioxx are not just because of them alone, but the FDA too. If  FDA pays more attention, awareness and inspect on the safety of Vioxx more rigo rously, Vioxx may not be in the market at all, and thus might save people’s life. As a lesson, the following recommendations might help government to not let the same thing happened.First, drug-area regulators should ensure all new drugs that are going to be released to the public have been tested long enough and proven to be safe. In addition, all government regulators and policymakers in the field of pharmaceutical industries also should bear in mind that they have a huge responsibility in protecting the public against any harmful and risky drugs, so that they will not go easy on the companies that do not abide the law.Patients and their physiciansAside of government and pharmaceutical companies, consumers also should know their responsibility in protecting themselves against various harmful and risks associated with prescription medicines. One way to ensure the effectiveness and safety of a drug before prescribes it, is by looking for extra information about the prescripti on medicines. Consumers can do that by asking for opinion from their physicians and other experts, or even by accessing Internet. This way, patients will have the knowledge whether the drugs is harmful or not. On the other hand, physicians should be more aware against any types of bribes and kept in mind to avoid it no matter what, and be more honest to their patients to guide them about the safety of prescription medicines.The court systemTo protect consumers of prescription medicines, what the court system can do is to be more strict in the jurisdiction against any company that do not abide the law in assuring the safety of drugs, and zero tolerance with those who attempt to involve in briberies.Suggestion for ImprovementsPrior to this case study, it can be said that the main reasons why there are so many risky and harmful drugs in market are because the pressures put on the FDA to approve new drugs faster by consumers and drug companies alike. This led the FDA to sometimes overlo ok the risk and safety of certain drugs because of the pressure to meet the demands for these medicines. In this context, one of the changes that can be made is the FDA should extend the  time of approval of new drugs so that any necessary research can be made. This thus led to a better knowledge about the safety of the drugs before it can be sold into a market.Aside of that, DTC advertising system also need to be monitored continuously so that any acts of bribe such as gift, donation, etc. can be avoided. Lastly, it is suggested that all present system that regulates the law and policy of pharmaceutical industries to put some restrictions and even punishment for those companies that simply do not comply with the standards set.ConclusionThrough the case study, it can be said that Merck was indeed a successful company in their time. Although their low-point period was kept â€Å"in the eye of the storm† more than whatever success, honors, and recognition they did achieved be fore, Merck should be more appreciated for whatever great things that they have done in the past years. If only Merck do patience a little bit and not to rush with the introduction of Vioxx; instead they spent a longer time in minimizing the risks inherent in Vioxx to a much more safer, it is possible that Merck might continue to be one of the most successful company in today’s world.Unfortunately, the past cannot be changed. What was left for Merck now is to build back their image, but it’s all depends on the company itself. Should or shouldn’t they? Of course they should. Everybody deserved a second chance. Yes, Merck did not act socially and in ethical manner before, but if they do get back to do what they were used to do; of course, without all those illegal and immoral behavior, comeback sure to follow.

External analysis soffee culture Essay

1.0 Introduction: – For an organization to survive and grow, they must have strong build strategy. Strategy is defined as a tool to assist organizations to achieve its long-term goals Hubbard, Rice & Beamish (2010). These goals are the prime reason for an organization to exist and strategies are developed to achieve these goals. Fig. 1.1- ESC model for strategy development Hubbard, Pocknee and Taylor’s (1996), explains the strategy making process via ESC model. Fig 1.1 shows the ESC (Environment, Strategy & Capabilities) model to describe the strategy making process for an organization. Strategies are made keeping a number of factors in consideration. Environment stands for Macro and industry based environment and factors that effect the operation of an organization. Environment is discussed more in detail in later part of this report. Business strategies are made considering the interest of stakeholders, company’s mission and value statement and values of the organizations. Capabilities for an organization are their resources, staff, economy of working and systems available for an organization to work in. This section is also discussed in details in this report. Also, to make effective strategies companies need to generate and gather information, analyze that information, process and implement those chosen strategies. Hubbard, Rice & Beamish (2010) explains that final part of strategy implementation is to review and monitor the strategies to find the gaps in results and fill those gaps accordingly to improve company performance. 2.0. Macro Environment Analysis Hubbard, Rice, Beamish (2010), explains that all the factors outside the organization that effect the business are studied under external environment analysis. These factors effect the strategy formulations, vision and mission planning and future organizational business. Environment analysis comprises of two major elements i.e. Macro environment analysis and Industry environment. Macro environment includes all the broad forces that surround and effect the organization and are as follows:- 2.1 Economic Dimension:- Economic dimension of an organization is the overall financial condition of the economy where organization is operating. Most important economic factors for an organization is GDP, inflation rates, exchange rates, taxation rates and wages rates. These factors define the economic dimension of an organization. Example: – Starbucks business in US during Global Financial Crisis During GFC, Starbucks was forced to pay more for its resources and to cover these additional expenses; company was forced to increase its product prices. But with the rise in interest rates and less borrowing/spending power of customers in the market, Starbucks had no option other than bearing the costs itself without increasing the prices. This additional burden forced Starbucks to close 600 stores in July 2008 (page 151, Howard Schultz, 2011). This example clearly explains the effect of Economic conditions on an organization when low purchasing power of customers lead to less demand and its effect on an organization. 2.2 Political/Legal Dimension: – This refers to the government regulations of business and its general effect, relationship with it. Its important for an organization as it defines what the organization can do and what they cannot. Customs, policies, regulations of a particular country affects the business of a international organization. 2.3 Technological Dimension: – This factor defines the resources available to operate its business in a country. It defined how an organization can convert its resources into products and services. Technology is applied with the discretion of the organization but its availability and form depends on the general environment. 2.4 Socio cultural: – Socio cultural dimensions include the culture, social effect and trends, customs, values and demographic patterns and trends in a particular demographic area. This includes the patterns people are used to and defined the future for the company with respect to its products. Example: – Starbucks in planning to expand its business in Asian countries and is planning to change 5000 year old tea-drinking culture into coffee culture (Ed Liston, 2011). Asian countries have a strong culture of consuming tea and have significant medicinal beliefs as well. Starbucks is planning to expand its business in these countries directly challenging the socio cultural dimension (page 296-305, Howard Schultz, 2011). This strategy can have mixed effects on the business. It’s a direct competition between old traditional beliefs and habits v/s young coffee drinking generation. There are no significant results available on the topic, but will be an interesting topic to work. This strategy can affect Starbucks business dramatically. 2.5 Sustainability: – It’s a new trend mostly visible in developed countries to develop sustainable business practices to address environmental issues. Companies are expected to follow guidelines, to develop their sustainable image. This includes fair work practices, focus towards general environmental damages, deforestation, ecological concerns etc. Example: – Starbucks fostering Sustainability Starbucks tag their stores as green and try to design the stores with recyclable products, reused cabinets, natural colors, and efficient lights. Company’s agricultural methods are organic, using no petrochemical based fertilizers and insecticides, and they are beneficial to the environment and water (page 317-321, Howard Schultz, 2011). Starbucks also offers 10% discount if customers bring their own coffee mugs (page 161-165, Howard Schultz, 2011). Starbucks has been busy promoting their environment involvement by developing new environmental strategies and by minimizing their carbon footprint (Starbucks Website). 3.0 Industry Analysis/ Porter’s five forces Analysis: – Fig. 1.3 – Porter’s Five Forces Model Industry analysis is used to determine the factors that influence the profitability of an organization. As shown in fig 1.3, industry analysis consists of five main forces. Porter (2008) describes these forces as the main drivers of profitability for an organization Fig 1.3. 3.1 Competitors/ Threat of new entrants: – For an organization, competitors are those individuals or groups that can reduce the revenue or can share the revenue. New or existing organizations that compete for their business, survival and growth are termed as competitors. It can be from existing market players or new entrants to the market. Mostly organizations compete for customers, revenue but competition can also be for the resources as labor/staff, new technology or patents to ensure future revenue growth. 3.2 Suppliers: – In a producing industry, suppliers play an important role by providing resources to an industry to offer services/products to the customers. This depends on the industry-supplier relationship. If suppliers are strong, they can offer resources at a higher price to get the profit share in the organization and vice versa. Thus, in a industry its very important to have consistent and reliable suppliers. Example: – Starbucks coffee bean suppliers Starbuck buys its coffee from East Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Southeast Asia and Latin America. Starbucks has its approved suppliers list and to be part of that list, suppliers have to undergo a series of tests and pass some checklists. Once Starbucks approves their supplier, the company helps the suppliers to grow coffee sustainably (page 317-318, Howard Schultz, 2011). Starbucks helps their suppliers by providing knowledge, help, funds and trainings. This helps to develop the strong relationship with the suppliers and also ensures the quality of the harvest. Thus in this case both suppliers and the industry are in win-win situation. 3.3 Bargaining power of buyers: – Porter (2008) explains that if the buying power of buyer is strong, that implies that the buyer has more options to choose from and the industry has more competition. 3.4 Substitutes: – Porter (2008) explains that if the products/services of different business or company can satisfy the needs of the customers, depicts that there is a substitute available to the customers. It leads to the competition in terms of price, quality and added values to the products. 3.5 Industry Rivalry: – In a traditional economic model, if there is rivalry among the organizations in the industry, then it drives profits to zero. But there is not perfect competition and in this case companies thrive to take competitive edge over other companies. A firm can switch costs, reduce product cost, increase add on values, offer better customers service to gain the competitive edge. Example: – Starbucks competitive edge Starbucks markets their sustainable and green approach towards environment (page 147-148 & 317-318, Howard Schultz, 2011). In this modern era, with more educated groups emerging, Starbucks is attracting more educated customers. With its initiative towards green earth and working for environmental issues, customers are supporting the brand and thus Starbucks is earning reputation and revenues. The above-mentioned example is in relation with Philip Kotler’s (2001), strategy of Marketing and is proving worth full for Starbucks. 4.0 Resources, Capabilities and Creation Of Values Fig. 1.4- Resource, Capabilities and Creation of Value According to resource-based view to develop the competitive advantage over other companies, organization must have resources and capabilities that are the best in the market. In fig. 1.4, Hubbard, Rice & Beamish (2010), explains that for an organizations there are four necessary conditions to pioneer the market. These conditions are outlined as below: – 4.1 Resources: – Resources are the main factor that decides the organization’s future. Hubbard, Rice & Beamish (2010), have used VRIO/VRINE model to describe these resources better and resources must be: – Valuable: – Organization should monitor the market and its customers carefully and must have the resources to deliver the value to the customer. Customer needs are volatile in nature and keep changing, thus organizations must enhance and upgrade their resources according to the demand. Rare: – Resources of an organization should be rare and hard to imitate by the competitors. These rare resources provide a competitive edge to the organization and must be scarce to some degree of demand in the market. Inimitable: – Resources should not be easily inimitable, and should be sophisticated to imitate. It’s hard to keep inimitable resources in technological sector as long as the technology is a patent. Non-Substitutable: – Resources should be non substitutable, i.e. there cannot be any substitute to the particular resource. Organized: – Resources of an organization should be arranged and organized according to their requirement. They should be readily available when and where required and should be properly deployed as per requirement to deliver the best quality to the customers. Exploitable: – Resources should be readily accessible and available to different sectors across the organization to transform them to add value to the customers. Capabilities: – Capabilities stand for the organization’s ability to convert the available resources to customer value. It’s the ability of an organization to utilize its resources in an efficient manner. Organizations should have dynamic capabilities so that they can manage their knowledge, learn from them and also brings out new innovations as per requirement. Example: – Starbucks Logistics Chain: – As mentioned above Starbucks gets its coffee beans from East Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Southeast Asia and Latin America. Different regions specialize in different blend of coffee. A perfect coffee is not just a single origin, but is a mix of different beans. Starbucks has the capability to gather beans from different regions and make a perfect blend to deliver across all its stores worldwide. Its not easy to document this capability and thus not easily imitable. This is a competitive edge that Starbuck has over its competitors to pick, mix and deliver the beans faster than any other competitor in the market. Organizations should monitor and review their operations to check the purpose of the operation. Capabilities should be valuable to the customers, they should be rare, and difficult to imitate by competitors, specific to the organization and should be better than the competitors in the market. In order to manage the capabilities organizations should exercise their capabilities across their business. These above discussed conditions should work in closely coordinated manner to develop a competitive edge over its customers and should bring better value for the customers. For example Starbucks have strong inbound logistics that in relation to Porter’s value creating activity is a competitive edge to create customer value. 5.0 Bibliography: – Hubbard, Pocknee and Taylor’s (1996), â€Å"Practical Australian Strategy†, Ch. 5, Prentice Hall Australia, Sydney. Hubbard, G. & Beamish, P. (2011). â€Å"Strategic management: Thinking, analysis and action†, 4th ed., Pearson Education: Australia. Hubbard, Rice, & Beamish, (2011), â€Å" Strategic Management: Thinking, Analysis and Action†, 4th ed., Pearson Education, Australia. Michael E. Porter (2008), â€Å"The Five Competitive Forces that Shape Strategy†, Harvard Business Review, p.86-104, Harvard Business Publication, Boston, USA. Ed Liston (2011), â€Å" What is more popular: Coffee or Tea†, Blog on www. Stockriters. Com, Viewed on 05th Jan’12. Kotler Philip (2001),† A Framework for Marketing Management†, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1997, Pearson Education Company, New Jersey, USA. Starbucks website viewed on 4th Jan’12, http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/business/news-starbucks-contribution-sustainability. Howard Schultz & Joanne Gordon (2011), â€Å"Onwards: How Starbucks Fought for its life without losing its soul†, John Willey & Sons, United Kingdom.